Sunday, November 9, 2014

“It turned into a pig”: Who Cares If They're Only Kids!


Kids are horrible.

One lingering consequence, among many, of the damagingly retrograde social norms of the Victorian age has been an idealization and objectification of children. Drawing on sources as seemingly disparate as the scripture of the New Testament and Rosseau's notions of the blank slate and social contract, the Victorians reconceptualized childhood (some would say invented and defined it) as a time when human beings are inherently good and innocent, free from the poisonous influence of cynical adult society. What this does, of course, is only facilitate the oppression of children and the removal of their agency, because “The Children” in the monolithic general must be looked after, sheltered and protected. It's another manifestation of what Lee Edleman calls reproductive futurism, an oppressive ideology where one is shamed out of political agency out of respect for idealized future children.

This project itself is not immune to this reading. I've several times used the word “childlike wonder”, though not in ignorance of what I was saying, I might add, and I certainly do have a fixation on children's literature and people who place heavy emphasis on children's perspectives, such as Steven Spielberg and Hayao Miyazaki. But when I use phrases such as “childlike wonder”, I try to do so with the conceit that such a state of mind would really just be a variety of idealism and cosmic wonder that might come more easily to children than to distracted adults. And the very best children's literature, in my view, does the exact opposite of sheltering children and forcing them to remain apolitical: It listens to them and gives them an outlet to form their voices and positionalities, and in doing so it helps them grow into better people. That need for respect and dignity in narrative is not limited to children, even if it's the sort of thing that, for whatever reason, is thought of as strange to afford anyone but children.

Youth and maturity come in different forms and have many different meanings and contextual associations. As I've argued before, I'm of the opinion a perspective to strive for in life is a delicate mixture of the two elements: Youthful energy, spirit, drive and idealism with experience, maturity and wisdom. Star Trek: The Next Generation seems to be shaping up to be this sort of thing with the restless, yet worldly, sense of adventure that permeates the show's worldview. And this is what Kei and Yuri, our evergreen seishun heroines, stand for as well. But here also I'd like to draw a distinction between childlike and childish: This is what the girls are up against in this episode, and they make it perfectly clear their intent is to dispel any outdated myths about the intrinsic goodness of children. Obviously, Kei and Yuri would be against reproductive futurism: Their affinity with Missinie in Affair of Nolandia notwithstanding, kids have not been especially kind to the Lovely Angels over the years, and the implicit shaming that accompanies reproductive futurism is something that affects women in particular. Yuri even gets a scene here reiterating that she “hate[s] kids”, while Kei is almost shockingly derisive of them all throughout the episode, once even referring to their adversaries as “animals wearing the skins of children”.

Not that Kei and Yuri are out of line to make these statements, of course. These kids are properly awful, taking over a top-secret military installation in charge of developing a weapon with the suitably frightening moniker of “dimensional vibrator” that can supposedly destroy the universe (I wonder if this is where the writers for Godzilla vs. Megaguirus got the idea for the Dimension Tide cannon that shoots black holes) and starting a war just for kicks. They're utter psychopaths, freely and openly torturing any adult who tries to stop them and wantonly firing off guns left and right at anything that moves simply because its fun. Anyone who's experienced bullying, been through the Western educational Panopticon or really just socialized with people their own age while growing up can likely sympathize with the Angels' plight here.

Kids...OK, let's cut the pretense here, boys, are by nature selfish, and lack the experience living in social structures necessary to curtail their antisocial predilections. Thanks to being born into patriarchy, girls are far more tuned to the existence of oppressive social mores and power structures from a very young age, while boys grow up quite literally thinking they can get away with anything because they're entitled to everything. I tend to wonder if little boys are inherently destructive, if they possess an innate fascination with breaking things. If so, many of them never seem to grow out of it. Which is another thing this episode touches on, because it's just as much about supposedly “grown” men and the thoughtless risks they take as it is about little boys, because the same power structure enables and fosters selfish egotism and destructive attitudes in both of them.

There's a very clear and firm critique of a certain kind of militarism here: As much as the boys' brazen act is shown to be the result of childish foolishness, it's also shown to be very much in keeping with a disturbingly common sort of macho warmongering bravado. It's an old joke that the military is really just run by a bunch of overgrown boys and that military technology is just designed to explode things in the most lurid, spectacular and “badass” way imaginable, but there is some truth to that: The United States military, or at least the contemporary United States military, intentionally recruits teenage boys because that's the age group statistically most likely to act as rashly, aggressively and impulsively as possible and they make the best sort of ground troops in the modern army. Certainly, the dimensional vibrator is not the kind of thing someone would come up with in a sane or cogent mindset, and this is something Original Dirty Pair wants us to think about.

Because the kicker is that the boys' “war games” are simply a manifestation of the capriciousness and lack of human compassion exhibited by the military itself, and this episode in truth pushes Dirty Pair properly close to Paul Schneider territory. Actually, it does him one better, because while Schneider did a lot of hand-wringing about boys playing war (most notably in “The Squire of Gothos”), he never managed to deliver a cohesive critique of militarism besides vague antiwar generalizations. Dirty Pair rises to the challenge, and gives one of the most mature, nuanced and gravely serious explorations of the motif I've ever seen. This episode is a veritable generator of memorable quotes, and one of the best is Kei's grim declaration that “only children make a game out of war”, a sentiment that cuts in both direction. It hits the boys, obviously, but it's also aimed at the military, who leap at the chance to roll out all their platoon squads and all their most heavily armed vehicles to use lethal force against a bunch of kids. Indeed, the episode's subtitle is “Wargamers face the firing squad”, which isn't just a metaphor for rounding up the out of control kids or condeming those who play war, it's literally a thing that happens in the episode's climax.

Kei and Yuri's response, after they get over the initial exasperation at being sent after a bunch of children and the ensuing abject shock and horror at what the military intends to do to them, is to, once again in Kei's words, “show” everyone “how to fight”: Kei and Yuri aren't just shamans here, they're warrior shamans, and this means they represent values of honour, respect and dignity. They bring a reverence and ceremony to combat, which is something everyone else in the story lacks, and they bring this all back to the story's fine-crafted feminism by equating hedonistic militarism with an abandonment of manhood. Kei openly challenges the leader of the boys to face her in honest combat if he thinks he's a man (an act she's perfectly willing to make a heroic sacrifice if need be, as the boy naturally gets himself a power loader so he can unfairly outmatch her), and then chastises anyone who “doesn't listen when a woman puts her body on the line” for being less than men. Yes, Dirty Pair is now saying patriarchy degrades the concept of masculinity.

There are so many ways this could have gone wrong, and the narrative explicitly does not fall prey to any of them. Kei and Yuri do not prescribe an ideal template for what a man should be, that's not their job, but they do point out that the culture and power systems that exist now are inherently toxic, hypocritical and dishonourable and must not stand any longer. I mean, if there was any doubt about this series' feminist street cred, this ought to put any of that to rest at last, shouldn't it? And what's even better is the label the girls give themselves: They explicitly refer to each other as Oneesan, which means older sister, but is an extremely formal, honourific term used to convey a considerable amount of respect. The Lovely Angels identifying as older siblings is both an extremely important symbolic shift for the series but also one that's particularly meaningful to me: Of course, they couldn't be parental figures-They're too disconnected and restless to be that, and the episode even calls attention this by having them angered that the boys' parents aren't taking responsibility for their children and hoisting the problem onto them. I don't know how many of you grew up with younger siblings, but this is a sentiment that hit rather close to home for me.

But the fact older sisters are manifestly not mothers has an even deeper resonance: Older sisters like Kei and Yuri are a firm rejection of heterenormativity and reproductive futurism: They're grown women whose lives are their own and are not defined by domesticity, nor are they authority figures like parents are (also note how the boys throw out the most horrific, unfiltered misogynistic bile at Kei and Yuri all throughout the episode. Like I said, boys are horrid, and very few of them grow out of it). But older sisters can also be an inspiration and a role model to their younger siblings, being old enough to have experience and wisdom they don't, but not old enough such that it would preclude kids from being able to relate to them. The Cool Big Sis archetypes is an important and powerful one, and as an older sibling myself, the responsibility we have has always been something I've been cognizant of. Even when I was an only child, I had older sibling figures I looked up to and deeply admired and who had a profound impact on shaping the person I grew up to become. Because this is something I've always been aware of, I view elder siblings as being in the best position to demonstrate ideals of material social progress.

Which is, of course, what Kei and Yuri are, and what they do. They're everyone's Cool Big Sisters, and that's just another manifestation of the divine Glorified Body ideal states they represent. And this is why perhaps their most revolutionary and revealing act here is to simply walk away. They show the boys, the military, Gooley and everyone else how one can posses a warrior spirit and solve conflicts nonviolently, but they make it very clear the world of patriarchal militarism and heteronormative reproductive futurism is manifestly not one they wish to be a part of. Would that we all shared their freedom to fly away. They warp off saddened at how the boys' dysfunctional childhood will scar them for life and how they'll go on to run the planet themselves someday, thus starting the destructive cycle anew. As Kei tells Yuri at the denouement, and as Yuri echoes back to her in the episode's closing moments while a gentle rendition of “Aki kara no Summertime” plays them both out, “Compared to those boys, you're lucky to be with a caring person like me”.

Thursday, November 6, 2014

“Prophets of the Galactic Spirit”: We're Not Afraid of Divine Judgment. It's Like Magic?!


If a god is in truth the idea of a god, what does it look like when gods fight?

“We're Not Afraid of Divine Judgment. It's Like Magic?!” opens up seeming like it's going to be a cross between the Dirty Pair novels and, of all things, Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!. The girls arrive incognito on an agricultural planet that's been subject to a number of mysterious unsolved murders. An extremely religious culture, the settlers on this planet all swear fealty to a massive church that dictates their social, spiritual and material lives. It's the belief of the local police that it's the planet's God itself that's responsible for the killings, though they see it more as “divine retribution” than murder. But Kei and Yuri suspect something else is up, so they sneak in undercover to investigate. The design of the planet is definitely a memorable one, featuring a mix of pastoral farming scenes and twisted, nightmarish imagery straight out of a horror movie, Original Dirty Pair upping the ante with futuristic space ravens and blood red, almost volcanic skies, befitting the tone of the story.

It at first seems as if the show is building to the reveal of an implausibly massive Scooby-Doo hoax gambit: We get early confirmation this “God” is a “new” one, far more stringent and judgmental than the old one and, while there are a series of awe-inspiringly grotesque scenes of God's supposed furor, Kei and Yuri swiftly reveal them to be part of an elabourate, yet mundane (albeit futuristic) technological smoke-and-mirrors trick. But it's then that this episode gets *really* good, because, as the Lovely Angels face down *God himself* and declare to a giant space church full of parishioners that all of his miracles were the work of sophisticated technoscience, God blindsides us all with the confession that yes, obviously everything he does is thanks to science. But what does it matter? He is, so he claims, the “One True God”. The God of Science. Someone who has “cast off” his “mortal bonds” to become a Divine Machine. In other words, this God is the God of Scientism and technofetishistic positivist atheism. This is the God of the Church of the Singularity.

What this story becomes then is one of gods in conflict with one another: Kei and Yuri are up against an opponent who is genuinely playing on their level. The God in this episode bears some resemblance to both Criados from the TV series episode “Criados' Heartbeat” and The Master from The Dirty Pair Strike Again: Like Criados, he's an explicitly transhuman character who has attained both his trashuman status and his spiritual enlightenment through experimenting with technology, but while Criados went mad from the process, this person decided his enlightenment gave him the right to start a religion around himself. Much like The Master, he designed and built an entire hierarchical church structure with himself at the centre, although unlike The Master he decided he was both God's Chosen and God Himself. With a setup like that, it sounds like “We're Not Afraid of Divine Judgment. It's Like Magic?!” would come across as very redundant, but it actually doesn't: What we're actually getting is a musing on two different forms of trashumanism and enlightenment that builds noticeably on the themes from the previous two stories.

Firstly, if God is a machine singularity, than this makes his character an explicit, and well-deserved, critique of the Scientism that tends to permeate both actual science and science fiction communities dating back to at least Isaac Asimov. This is what it would really look like if the New Atheists and the Church of the Singularity people got their way; this is a *literal* Church of Science, with all such a descriptor entails. Tellingly, and amusingly, God's church operates under an extreme, yet very recognisably Christian model (in particular the Catholic flavour of Christianity). Sinners constantly repent and are brutally punished for their transgressions and infractions, however minor they may be, and clergymen spend hours upon hours genuflecting before the Altar of Positivity. As I've always said, New Atheism and religious fundamentalism are two sides of the same coin. Dogmatic Atheism is every bit a product of Western thought as the Abrahamic religions are. There's also a great moment in the climax where, after the church gets vaporized and the tide of battle turns against him, God's attitude towards Kei and Yuri completely changes. Before this, he was issuing fire-and-brimstone condemnations of the “infidels” and “adulterous whores”. After, he speaks very frankly and openly to the girls, as if he considers them equals. Once he no longer needs to keep up appearances before his flock, he drops all airs and pretenses and reveals the whole thing for what it always was: A performative facade.

And Kei and Yuri really are God's peers in this respect. For one thing, they're both transhuman. But while God is a machine singularity, Kei and Yuri are Glorified Bodies, representations of a singularity archetype: Idealized effigies of humanity and humanity's future augmented through the help of technology, rather than the glorification of technology and subservience to it. This is but one critical philosophical disagreement underwriting the girls and God, and shows through in the way they interact with one another. Notice how when God pleads to the girls that he only sublimated his own existence and that he did bring peace and prosperity to his people, Kei and Yuri don't dispute this. He's correct. But what the girls do call him out for, and rightly in my view, is his attempt to force his Will unto the people.

The girls show him how his people have no freedom and can be killed at any time on a whim. God has imposed an authoritarian power structure, as is always the case with institutionalized religion, a force that drives a middle-man between people and spirituality. God is, in essence, a Philosopher King. An Enlightened Despot, and the ultimate dream of so much liberal Western thought. Kei and Yuri don't fault him for attaining enlightenment the way he did, they fault him for everything he did with that knowledge after the fact. Kei and Yuri are gods too, but they're a very different sort of god. What we're seeing here is a tension between two different forms of divinity: The idea that a person can simply declare himself God and that he has divine right to do as he sees fit to everyone else, or the idea that divinity is actually just a set of ideals to be meditated on and invoked on a day-to-day basis. Kei and Yuri, who have mantled spirits, are individualist goddesses, and in many ways marginal ones.

(Before the Star Trek fans' eyes collectively gloss over as I launch into the mystical, I'll briefly mention one way you could read this episode is as a bottom-up, deconstructive inversion of the “Justice” and “The Apple” story archetypes with the Federation's philosophical worldview being given the same treatment they would give the belief system of others.)

God dictates. Kei and Yuri lead by example. They act and they live, and simply in living the life they are meant to, fulfilling their Great Work, if you will, they make the universe a better place naturally. While God has an entire church at his command, Kei and Yuri are forced underground to the barrows like the Tuatha Dé Danann they are. Nobody believes in these spirits, as their infamous reputation as the Dirty Pair makes quite evident. They're marginal in just about every way they could be: They're women (Kei even arguably a woman of colour). They're liminal. They don't conform. They're not “consummately normal”. They're everything that's been feminized and forced out of sight, everything Avital Ronell describes as having been labeled “stupid”: They're the enemy of rational, logical, accepted masculinist thought...indeed, the very virtues God claims to embody. And yet Kei and Yuri remain divine, because they have meditated on ideals and, through that process, taken those ideals into themselves. As a result, they have become one with their art, magick and goddess figures through living performance.

Kei and Yuri are agents of the divine feminine, and what they've done, what they always do, is show us what a *reclaimed* divine femininity looks like, and this episode may be the most crystal clear evocation of the concept to date. I wonder, is it even possible to have a female God? Not a goddess, obviously, but an actual distaff counterpart to the Western, Abrahamic God of the sort we see here. I posit that we actually can't, because such a God must by definition be an authoritarian one, and authoritarianism is the province of patriarchy, and thus fascism. Female divine energy, *real* female divine energy, is dispersed and generative. Shaktism describes the divine feminine as a godhead or divine oversoul, within everyone and everything. Animistic. Anarchic. And we've already seen how Kei and Yuri can be compared very easily with the Tantric goddesses Tārā and Kāli, both of whom are seen in Shaktism as Mahavidyas; individual manifestations of the larger goddess oversoul (and the former of which even has a homonymic counterpart in both Celtic and Polynesian mythology) that one might reflect and mediate upon.

In the context of The Elder Scrolls, Michael Kirkbride once described an era of that series' fictional history as a time when “wars...were ideologies given skin”. And Alan Moore talks about how all ideas are ultimately materially real within the ideaspace. If this episode depicts a war between the gods, how does this reshape the landscape of the noösphere? Another idea of Moore's might be useful here, in particular, his stance that life exists on a spectrum between two binary extremes, fascism and anarchy. What Original Dirty Pair is giving us through “We're Not Afraid of Divine Judgment. It's Like Magic?!” is a representation of what happens when these two oppositional forces come to blows with each other in the ring to decide the fate of the cosmic whole. This immutable central tension manifests within the text of Dirty Pair's utopian speculative fiction as a textual echo of itself; war, ideology and narrative becoming thought-forms. Or perhaps, simply returning to their natural states of being.

And anarchism decisively wins, as Kei and Yuri do what they do best and blow up God, the church, the parishioners and beset the planet to an unending wave of natural disasters (in other words, “Acts of God” or, in the more appropriate Japanese context, the revenge of the natural order of things). But while Kei and Yuri may have won the revolution, they're fated to remain marginal figures, both diegetically and extradiegetically. Textually, their reputation among the universe's human population never improves and Chief Gooley still resents them. But in another sense, this affects Dirty Pair as a franchise as well. Original Dirty Pair is, of course, an OVA series specifically made for a niche audience, and even now the girls' metatextual lustre seems to be fading. Their moment in the spotlight that accompanied Dirty Pair: The Motion Picture has passed, and this show would be the last Dirty Pair release to see any sort of populist fanfare or major PR campaign. With Samhainn over, the Tuatha Dé Danann must return to the barrows, taking on the visage of the Old Gods in Hiding.

And yet this seems fitting for the Lovely Angels, because another difference between them and God is that their job is to inspire and guide, not to lead, and there's an important distinction to be made there. Kei and Yuri could never put themselves above anybody else, because true revolutionaries do not become statesmen. They remain forever underground and marginal, restless in their quest to improve themselves and the world around them. And so it is for Kei and Yuri, whose moment will not end not because time is frozen, but because it's now and forever. As much as it's always summertime for our girls, their summer memories are made every day.

Tuesday, November 4, 2014

“At the mouth of the night, between daylight and dark”: No Thanks! No Need For a Halloween Party



It's understandable that Kei and Yuri wouldn't know what Halloween is. It's a holiday that's only come to Japan comparatively recently in its history, mostly through osmosis of Western pop culture, and there isn't really a Shinto, Buddhist or Hindu analog. And as such, the titular Halloween party of “No Thanks! No Need For a Halloween Party” is strobing, neon excess of a festival, a gloriously and beautifully Long 1980s commentary on the corporate-state forces that turn holidays into celebrations of capitalism and consumerism. Indeed, this is what Halloween is now, which makes this episode probably more relevant today than it was in 1987.

But this, like so much about Dirty Pair, is conveyed strictly through mood, atmosphere and visual symbolism. The look of this episode in general is *phenomenal*, and I could, as usual, spend an entire essay gushing about that. The animation and background work already elevated to a new level from the previous show, this is the moment where Dirty Pair finally starts to look like the Long 1980s I remember. Not that the older animes looked bad by any stretch of the imagination, but this one stirs a very specific set of emotions within me. And in spite of this outsider critique and the girls' unfamiliarity with the night, “No Thanks! No Need For a Halloween Party” ends up resonating with much deeper and more fundamental truths. This isn't simply the greatest Halloween special ever, this is a story that glows with an innate understanding of ritual, associative symbolic power, allegory and synchromysticism. And on top of that, it's a masterpiece.

There's a wryly knowing tone set right from the start: There's a musical cue that plays over the title card that sounds for all the world like the Jimmy Hart version of the famous theme song to the *movie* Halloween. Both it and the CRT Jack-o-Lantern, complete with scanlines, that becomes a minor reoccurring motif even feels like they've been plucked from the opening to Halloween III: Season of the Witch (a movie that was, in part, about returning Halloween to its Celtic roots as a rejection of its commercialization, which is maybe fun to think about). And while the Tactical Robot the girls are chasing in this episode is clearly supposed to be a skeleton, it also *looks* a heck of a lot like the T-800 from The Terminator, which also means “No Thanks! No Need For a Halloween Party” is a considerably better Terminator pastiche than the *actual* Dirty Pair Terminator pastiche was: The Robot never stops running and is seemingly invincible (up until the climax, of course), but Kei and Yuri just find that annoying instead of terrifying.

There's also the various criminal gangs the girls end up (completely accidentally and incidentally) taking down in their pursuit of the Tactical Robot, all of whom are in disguises themed after various fairy tales and children's literature: There's a Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, an Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, a gang that seems to have a pulp sci-fi theme and (much to my delight) an Alice in Wonderland. They all have the goal of blending in amongst all the other costumed revelers to take advantage of the night's confusion to commit crimes, and, interestingly, they all seem to have based their costumes around the Walt Disney versions of their characters (well, of the stories that Disney had made movies of by 1987 of course).

So there is a corporatist commentary here, but Dirty Pair doesn't stoop to a facile Charlie Brown bemoaning of commercialization either. Halloween is portrayed as something that doesn't really have a distinct identity anymore-The girls don't really know what it is (Yuri even says it's a custom that began on Earth so long ago its original meaning is probably lost), and the rest of Elenore City basically just uses it as an opportunity to throw a party. But the show doesn't say we should be ashamed by just throwing a party either: There's a festive, jovial tone to the whole story that seems to be saying that even if we're not entirely sure what we're celebrating, this doesn't mean celebrating itself is a bad thing. Everyone comes out to make the night fun in their own way, from the costumed partiers in the streets to the friends who go out for drinks together, to the Chinese immigrants who put on a traditional Dragon Dance display (and *aren't* racist stereotypes for once!). All except Chief Gooley of course, the programmatically gruff and hilariously high-strung workalholic salaryman who could be read as a Halloween Ebeneezer Scrooge if he wasn't totally irrelevant, which is, really, the way it should be.

And then, of course, there's Kei and Yuri.

Though the girls may not consciously know what Halloween is, they certainly seem to instinctively know what their role on such a night is to be. In the Celtic tradition from which Halloween springs, late October into November, in particular October 31-November 1, is an important time of transition. The festival of Samhainn, one of the quarter-day festivals, was held annually to mark the transition from one quarter of the year to another: As the transition at Samhainn, the one from Summer to Winter, was of the most important in the Celtic year, Samhainn was likewise one of the most important and sacred of such festivals, some sources placing it as the start of the Celtic New Year. It's as such a period of liminality; neither one thing nor the other, and maybe a little bit of both. And of course, we must remember how seasons are reversed in the northern and southern hemispheres, so, when Summer ends in one, it begins in the other. In a very material sense, Summer and Winter *really do* exist simultaneously at Samhainn.


Liminality was very important to many different pre-modern and non-modern cultures, with liminal dates (such as Samhainn and its mirror twin Bealltainn at the opposite end of the year) becoming very meaningful and significant moments of observance. Additionally, people who could embody the concept of liminality themselves (such as in the case of those who modern societies would call transgender, people that many cultures viewed as neither strictly male nor strictly female, but rather encompassing the best elements of both) were seen as possessing a unique and sage kind of experience and wisdom, becoming respected shamans and keepers of sacred traditions. And, on dates as liminal as Halloween, the Celts believed the barrier between worlds was particularly thin and permeable, and the material and ethereal planes commingled for a time. This was the night when faeries, gods and spirits were said to be able to walk freely among us. Usually, this was fraught with danger, with tales of Otherworld denizens kidnapping mortals or some other such devious deed. But it's the limnality that interests me the most here, and we all ought remember Kei and Yuri are extremely liminal characters.

One can read performers as being inherently liminal to one extent or another: They put on an act, their visage a quotation or facsimile of the character they're portraying. As futuristic professional wrestlers, the girls are this by default: Yuri's not a Yamato Nadeshiko, but she plays one on TV, and Kei is more than the stock tomboy character archetype (also recall this is a story set against the backdrop of everyone in Elenore City wearing a mask of some kind-What masks do you wear on a day-to-day basis, not just on Halloween night?). As Alan Moore once said, “There is a certain amount of sham in shamanism. There is a certain amount of theatre”, and we know modern shamans frequently become artists. But the liminality of Kei and Yuri goes even beyond this: Canonically 19, this places the girls into what is referred to in Japan as seishun, or “Green Spring”, and what in the West is frequently bandied around as “The Best Years Of Your Life” by various oblivious authority figures. Indeed, Dirty Pair: The Motion Picture was even ostensibly about this, with its entire conceit of Kei and Yuri being neither young girls nor adult women.

But we mustn't forget Kei and Yuri are the protagonists of an episodic series. Not only that, but, at least if you believe Adam Warren, they're also genetically enhanced and idealized bodies. They are both diegetically and extradiegetically immortal, but also in some sense static: While as voyagers they do grow up (if you feel they haven't already), they will never grow old. They reside permanently within their Green Spring, and thus are permanently liminal, Spring being the other point of the year that's neither Winter nor Summer. Celtic tradition also sometimes speaks of the Otherworld being a Land of Eternal Youth or Summer...and what do Kei and Yuri spend the majority of this episode doing? Buzzing around on their little jetpacks. Jetpacks that resemble classical depictions of angel wings. Or faery wings.

One interpretation of the Tuatha Dé Danann, the “people of the gods” said to reside in the barrows of Ireland and Scotland, is that they are the remnants of the old gods and nature spirits forced into hiding when belief in them waned, and are as a result now not quite mortal and not quite divine. The Fairy Faith, a modern spirituality connected to, though distinct from, Celtic Reconstructionism says angels are the same sort of thing. And so it is with Kei and Yuri, who are at once shaman and spirit, woman and goddess. Performers who wear the guise of the divine, and in doing so mantle them and become divine themselves. In this project I use the concept of gods and spirit guides as metaphors for utopian ideals, and the process of magick and shamanic divination as an allegory for bringing those ideals into, and thus sublimating, our material reality. Perhaps this is more than a rhetorical device-Perhaps this is how magick works in a very real and literal sense, depending on what you believe.

Regardless of how you internally conceptualize it, this is what Kei and Yuri do and what they're here to teach us. Halloween is the night where their world, that of fantasy action sci-fi, mingles with the mundane world. Are the Lovely Faeries dangerous? Well, one certainly doesn't want to be in the immediate area when they go on their processions, no. And one can certainly claim nobody believes in these spirits, considering the abhorrent reputation they have across the galaxy. But don't forget, as the rest of humanity in their world has, that Kei and Yuri actually mean no ill intent and fundamentally act on behalf of good and positive progress. The Fairy Faith is firm in their belief that there are “no bad fairies”, so make of that what you will. And while much of Elenore City is leveled in the pursuit of the Tactical Robot, Kei and Yuri put on quite a show for everybody. And isn't that what we're really all here to see?

The centrepiece of the girls' spectacular finale is a wonderful supercharged traditional Japanese fireworks display: Kei shoots off what she calls a sanjakudama, naming her weapon after one of the largest single fireworks in the world that's fired four times annually at the Matsuri, or celebration, held in the city of Nagaoka every year in early August. The crowd responds with rousing cheers of “Tamaya!” and “Kagiya!”, a traditional Japanese custom at fireworks displays hearkening back to the Edo period when two rival fireworks companies with those names would hold public contests to decide who had the most spectacular displays. And this brings the episode's musings on Halloween to its obvious conclusion, solidifying the holiday's positive and beneficial syncretism by sharing a uniquely Japanese way to celebrate and pay tribute, turning Halloween into a genuine Matsuri for all to enjoy. And when Kei and Yuri kick back at the end of the episode to toast each other and their youth, it becomes hard to keep back the tears.

The nod to the Nagaoka fete in August is a revealing one, and it's just the icing on the cake to hear Kei and Yuri's brilliant and vibrant fireworks show scored by a heartwarming and moving rendition of “Aki kara no Summertime”, which has by this point already established itself as the unofficial entrance theme of the Lovely Angels. This is a song about holding onto “summer memories”, a deeply loaded and meaningful phrase if ever I heard one, throughout life and always living within the moments they evoke for us. This is a song whose title is translated in Dirty Pair's official English subtitles as “Summertime From Autumn”. I really don't think anything I write can add more meaning to that. Rather, I think there's a good chance my words would just take things away. “No Thanks! No Need For a Halloween Party” is every bit as groundbreaking and provocative as The Dirty Pair Strike Again, and it's as deeply profound and intensely moving as anything Dirty Pair has ever done. This story stands among the very best things this series has produced, and from me, that's about as high as the praise can get.

Sunday, November 2, 2014

“The soul is the prison of the body”: Prison Riot. We Hate People With Grudges!



The Starshine is bright and warm wherever Angels tread.

If there was ever a year where Dirty Pair could be said to have been at the peak of its pop culture saturation, 1987 was it. High on the success of Dirty Pair: The Motion Picture (which got its own Famicom Disk System game), Haruka Takachiho's perfectly timed third novel Dirty Pair's Rough and Tumble, a slew of tie-in merchandise and the premier of Star Trek: The Next Generation, Kei and Yuri were by now most definitely in the public eye on a scale they'd never been before. But in many ways the franchise's true home, or at least the home of the Sunrise anime branch of the series, can be said to be OVA. And it's here where the Lovely Angels got a second wind with an entirely new episodic series following in the footsteps of the cult hit Dirty Pair television show from 1985. This series is officially just called Dirty Pair, but is usually afforded the subtitle “The OVA Series” by fans and critics to differentiate it from its predecessor. More infrequently, it's also known as Original Dirty Pair, a nod to Sunrise's belief that this show is closer to the original light novels than the other anime adaptations.

Regardless of what you call it, Sunrise released a series of ten brand-new episodes between December, 1987 and March, 1988. This was an extremely wise move on Sunrise's part in my opinion: One thing I feel severely damaged the ultimate efficacy of the Dirty Pair TV series was that it struggled to maintain its early momentum as the season wore on. It seemed like the show was dealing with too large of an episode count and the ideas started to wear thin after some time. It's a perfect example of why I think all TV shows need to have about a third fewer episodes per season, with an ideal of about 10-13. This allows the creative team to focus on one a handful of really solid stories at a time, and means they're not rushed to throw something out to meet a pre-existing quota. And Original Dirty Pair definitely hits the short end of that spectrum. Combine this with the fact that the OVA medium allows for far more creative freedom just in general as OVAs are not at the beck and call of networks, ratings and broadcast schedules, and we have the potential here for an incredibly fine-tuned and honed sort of Dirty Pair anime.

So what's new this time? Well, like all iterations of Dirty Pair, this series of course exists in its own continuity strictly distinct and separate from anything that came before or after. Stylistically, this manifests in the Lovely Angel looking like a cross between its Affair of Nolandia and Dirty Pair: The Motion Picture incarnations. The girls' uniforms similarly resemble most closely the ones they wore in Dirty Pair: The Motion Picture, but are all white, reminiscent of the all-silver wrestling outfits they wear in the books. The supporting cast is also different: There's no Nanmo, and Mughi is now the result of a genetic engineering experiment by the 3WA's resident scientist and inventor Dr. Q (who just makes the James Bond spy-fi connection all the stronger, although *his* gadgets tend to fail catastrophically and hilariously, usually by exploding). There's also a former Trouble Consultant named Madame Berel, who was the 3WA's top agent before Kei and Yuri came along. And while I can't say I'm thrilled to see Gooley A. Francess back, I have to give him a chance. This is a new universe, after all, and perhaps he won't be as corrupt and paternalistic as he was on TV.

As you might have guessed, all this means that the version of Dirty Pair the OVA Series is the closest in tone to, at least as of this episode, isn't actually the novels, but rather the TV series. The plot and style of humour are extremely reminiscent of something that could have been done on that show, but it's considerably tighter and denser than at least the later episodes, and that translates to a marked improvement. In fact, everything here is a noticeable step above how the TV show closed out: The humour is far, *far* better paced and balanced (and more sophisticated) then it was on the back half of the TV series, and Kei and Yuri are once again written just about perfectly, which I must say is a relief coming after Dirty Pair: The Motion Picture. Speaking of, this show even seems to inherit that film's interest in speculative technology and world-building, and it's considerably better at it. Much like in Star Trek: The Next Generation, the technobabble and exposition is weaved delicately and intricately into the rest of the story, only being brought out for window dressing. As a result, it never feels like it's jarringly standing out or grinding things to a halt.

I also want to take a moment to praise the art direction and animation: Being Sunrise Dirty Pair, it's good at baseline, naturally, but, much like the rest of this episode, it's a step above some of the things we've seen before. It's not quite as fluid or abstract as Dirty Pair: The Motion Picture and still uses a lot of static shots and crossfades and things like that, but it manages to pack in a lot more detail and feel like it's playing on a larger scale than parts of the TV show did (it also goes off-model considerably less). Which is what we'd expect from an OVA release, though Sunrise puzzlingly doesn't seem to let itself go as wild with this newfound freedom as it perhaps could have, at least not yet. Also, the opening sequence to this series is one of the most iconic and evocative moments in the entire franchise for me: It's just lovely to look at, and the subtle little trick of having the camera, the recording process and video technology itself so intertwined with the sequence is a great way to integrate the series' postmodern sensibilities even further into its body and structure. If the TV series often felt like a diegetic performance Kei and Yuri were putting on for us, the OVA series seems to be telling us Kei and Yuri are creatures of narrative abstraction: New Goddesses of high-tech video spiritualism in stereo.

As for “Prison Riot. We Hate People With Grudges!” itself, perhaps appropriately it most calls to mind “How to Kill a Computer” in that it's a comparatively low-stakes action-packed sci-fi comedy thriller. The only difference is that instead of placating a rogue AI, this time the girls are out to quell a riot on a prison station (natch) in orbit of a giant star and bring the kidnapped warden in to stand trial as a key witness. Also like “How to Kill a Computer”, this is a story that at first seems to be nothing particularly remarkable, but in fact holds a substantial amount of hidden depths. There are two crucial thematic keys here: Firstly, the climactic reveal is that the warden is every bit as bloodthirsty as the convicts and, consumed by rage and vengeance, escapes from Kei and Yuri's protective custody to murder all of the inmates. Secondly, and very tellingly, the prison is very clearly laid out as a Panopitcon. Which means we need to revisit this blog's old friend Michel Foucault.

In Discipline and Punish, Foucault conducts a thorough analysis and historicizing of the two titular concepts, in particular how they have asserted themselves as defining characteristics of modernity. Foucault reads modern society as a “disciplinary” one that institutes control through (among other things) three distinct techniques: Examination, observation and the normalization of judgment. This is where the metaphor of the Panopticon comes in. A Panopticon is a method of prison design whereby each prisoner is separated from each other in individual cells invisible to each other, but visible to guards who work in a giant central tower-The Panopticon. The principle works under the assumption that there doesn't even need to be anyone in the tower itself, just the idea that somebody *could* be watching and if they were, they *would* see you. What this does is normalize the concept of constant surveillance and the omnipresence of a hierarchical disciplinary structure put in place for one group of people to subjugate and oppress others. And the really scary thing is that, as Foucault shows, the Panopticon isn't just a concept you find in prisons, but which variations of exist everywhere in modern society, such as in factories, schools and hospitals. They all work essentially the same way.

It's through the Panopticon that modernity's fixation on examination, discipline, testing and control comes from. It's akin to what (to rather misrepresent her) Avital Ronell, following Foucault and others, calls modernity's Test Drive and is a defining feature of all modern societies. And it's what Dirty Pair explicitly rejects in this episode: Of course the warden would be mindlessly violent and driven only by his desire to enact revenge, punishment, against the inmates. He's a man shaped by an authoritarian structure of discipline and control that gives him an obscene amount of power-This is exactly the sort of person that environment produces. One might feel in a situation like this that our sympathies belong with the prisoners, the oppressed class in this particular power structure. And while I'm sure many of those incarcerated were placed there unfairly and unjustly, as has been the case in prison systems from time immemorial, there are still going to be murderers, rapists and other violent criminals there too, and the ones we see orchestrating the riot can be pretty safely assumed to be in the latter camp.

But another way to read it is, as always, to remember this is Dirty Pair and who Kei and Yuri really are. The episode ends with Yuri's Lazer Ring malfunctioning and causing the entire station to fall apart, while the marines obliterate the starship the prisoners commandeered, dispatching the few remaining convicts left alive after the warden's rampage. The prison collapses, and then falls into the sun's corona: The cosmic tide has rolled over and swallowed everything whole. The Panopticon is thus revealed for what it truly is, for it any the entire system of discipline, power and control it facilitates is anathema to nature and the good of the universe. And the brilliant solar skyscape left behind serves as a beacon and a mirror for the cleansing light of the Lovely Angels. Yes, we may have had a 99% fatality rate, but remember Kei and Yuri do not act on the behalf of individual humans or groups of people, but on the benefit of the universe as a whole. And a universe that has purged itself of the Panopticon and the toxic modernity of judgment that goes along with it can only be said to be a healthier and stronger one.

Indeed, through being staunchly critical of systems of judgment, incarceration and authoritarian prosecution, “Prison Riot. “We Hate People With Grudges!” is a fascinating episode to contrast with the contemporaneous “Encounter at Farpoint”, which had only aired four months prior. Q sets himself up as both trickster god who forces the Enterprise crew to experience “the full extent of human ugliness” by making them sit through a recreation of an earth judicial system, but also a diegetic and extradiegetic authority who has the right to pass judgment on Star Trek: The Next Generation himself. Kei and Yuri, meanwhile, through acting on behalf of the cosmos that is within and without everyone and everything, are a kind of divine anti-authority. While Q will always have a more complicated and difficult relationship with the concept, Kei and Yuri very clearly stand in for the spirits and gods that are apart of all of us, that both shape us and can be shaped by us.

That Dirty Pair can consistently get away with setting up these stark juxtapositions that would be jaw-droppingly horrific in literally any other context is a testament to the sort of things only it can do, to how strong its values and ethics as a series are and how they continue to ring true decades later. And the juxtaposition here is truly a remarkable one, contrasting its explicit and heady critiques of Panopticism and modernity with a lighthearted and whimsical sense of fun that permeates the rest of the episode. The comic banter and timing is pretty damn excellent, and Kei and Yuri even sweet talk one of the marines (who look like something right out Aliens) into taking them out for drinks after the station gets destroyed. I also simply adore the part where the girls literally surf solar wind to get to the station: It's an absolutely iconic moment for me and without question a personal highlight of the whole series. Much like Dirty Pair on the whole, “Prison Riot. We Hate People With Grudges!” is great, spectacular fun that manages to do good because it has its heart in the right place. It's not as good as Affair of Nolandia or as groundbreaking as Dirty Pair: The Motion Picture, but this episode is still a stellar debut for our new Dirty Pair series.

And speaking of whimsy, lightheartedness and all that, I lastly need to talk about this show's soundtrack. It's magic, pure and simple. The incremental music alone is superb, and better than that of the TV show, but it's the two theme songs that really make it for me. The opening and closing themes to Original Dirty Pair, “By Yourself” and “Aki kara no Summertime”, respectively, stand among the very best music this series has ever produced. “Aki kara no Summertime” in particular may well be my absolute favourite Dirty Pair song, all stop: It's sparkly, piquant and bittersweet and just about the absolute perfect theme song Kei and Yuri could ever have asked for. I won't outline all the lyrics for you or do a full analysis here: You really need to check them out for yourself. What I will say is that the primary reason these pieces are as overwhelmingly successful as they are is because, for the first time in the series, Sunrise actually thought to write music about Kei and Yuri.

I know The Motion Picture score was supposed to be about them, but I found that too vague to be as effective as it needed to be. Here though, while the girls aren't mentioned by name, both “By Yourself” and “Aki kara no Summerime” are without question about Kei and Yuri and the very special relationship they have with each other. The latter in particular is this very beautiful and touching love letter about nostalgic yearning paradoxically set against the backdrop of an eternally unfolding present, all wrapped up in a simple, yet evocative, bit of bubblegum pop. Like Kei and Yuri themselves, it puts you in the mindset of someone in possession of the carefree wonder of a child and the sophistication and wisdom that only adult experience can bring. It only needs a minute and a half (four minutes, if you're listening to the album version) to effortlessly convey what some Dirty Pair works have spent their entire runtime trying to get across: For all its high-flying, high-tech, deep space adventure, Dirty Pair is ultimately about the love Kei and Yuri have for each other and how that can reshape the whole universe.

The Lovely Angels are back.

Friday, October 31, 2014

Ship's Log, Supplemental Bonus: “Oh, don't even go to the first season!”


Was what LeVar Burton once said in an interview with the now-defunct Star Trek Magazine when the DVD box sets for Star Trek: The Next Generation started being released. Even cast members, when prompted in fan environments, will tow mainline fandom's party line and cringe on cue at the prospect of the series' supposedly irredeemable first season. And while I grant there are issues to be found in this year's crop of episodes, there are issues to be found in *all* of Star Trek: The Next Generation's seven seasons and I'm still resolute in my belief the first year is unfairly singled out for blame. No, it's not what we've come to expect from Star Trek: The Next Generation and yes, it's a bit awkward in places, but Jonathan Frakes is correct to point out this was a year where the show took risks it wouldn't take later on. And, love her or hate her, this is your only opportunity to see Tasha Yar as a crewmember.
So these are my picks for the absolute best of Star Trek: The Next Generation, Year One. Not every episode is a masterpiece, but each one is far better than its reputation would have you believe and well worth a look during any journey through the show's mythos.
  1. “Encounter at Farpoint”
  2. “Haven”
  3. “Where No One Has Gone Before”
  4. “The Last Outpost”
  5. “Lonely Among Us”
  6. “The Battle”
  7. “Too Short a Season”
  8. “The Big Goodbye”
  9. “11001001”
  10. “Home Soil”
  11. “Coming of Age”
  12. “Heart of Glory”
  13. “The Arsenal of Freedom”
  14. “Symbiosis”
  15. “We'll Always Have Paris”
  16. “Conspiracy”
  17. “The Neutral Zone”
 
Addendum: If this is your first visit to Star Trek: The Next Generation, I have to begrudgingly throw in “Datalore” as well. It's not good, but the events it sets in motion come back to play an important part in later story arcs. But even without it, I look at this list and still see a pretty formidable success-failure ratio. I'm recommending roughly the same amount of episodes from Star Trek: The Next Generation Season 1 as I would from the entirety of the Dirty Pair TV series-While this season doesn't have anywhere near the same number of unmitigated masterpieces as that one did, that's pretty high praise coming from me.
Speaking of...
Since we're compiling enumerated episode lists anyway and since I never officially did one for this show, here are my picks for the very best episodes from the Dirty Pair TV series, for the five DP fans who actually follow this site. While as of this writing I'm still going with Dirty Pair: Affair of Nolandia as my absolute favourite Dirty Pair story overall, the first two novels are a must-read if you can find them and Dirty Pair: The Motion Picture is probably worth a look at least once, they're not included here (nor is any Classic DP material I've yet to cover) as I'm strictly focusing on the 1985 anime TV series today. With that in mind, I highly recommend...
  1. “How to Kill a Computer”
  2. “Go Ahead, Fall in Love! Love is Russian Roulette”
  3. “The Chase Smells Like Cheesecake and Death”
  4. “Criados' Heartbeat”
  5. “Lots of Danger, Lots of Decoys”
  6. “Love is Everything. Risk Your Life to Elope!!”
  7. “Gotta Do It! Love is What Makes a Woman Explode”
  8. “Hire Us! Beautiful Bodyguards are a Better Deal”
  9. “Hah Hah Hah, Dresses and Men Should Always Be Brand New”
  10. “What's This?! My Supple Skin is a Mess”
  11. “Dig Here, Meow Meow. Happiness Comes at the End”
  12. “An Unjustified Lover's Grudge. Let Me Love You Without Revenge”
  13. “No Way! 463 People Disappeared?!”
  14. “We Did It! 463 People Found!”
  15. “Something's Amiss...?! Our Elegant Revenge”

Thursday, October 30, 2014

“Even when all the worlds have frozen or exploded”: The Neutral Zone

Let's address the obvious things first. Yes, “The Neutral Zone” rehashes key elements from both “Space Seed” and “Balance of Terror”. Yes, the Romulans as depicted in this episode bear no relation whatsoever to the way they were portrayed in the Original Series, in essence throwing all the interesting commentary and contrast they bring with them out an airlock. Yes, those bases were indeed meant to be destroyed as part of a story arc to introduce the Borg that gets promptly forgotten about as soon as this episode airs. And yes, the motivations of the main cast are seriously wonky and out of character such that characterization of people like Picard and Riker waffles back and forth bafflingly from scene to scene. This is all self-evident and indisputable. There, is, however, a pretty simple explanation for all of it that can't just be laid at the creative team.

If you guessed it's the Writer's Guild strike, well, good for you! You're getting good at this. I'm afraid you don't win anything, though.

“The Neutral Zone” is basically a first draft spec script. The reason it is a first draft spec script is because it was the only thing the team had lying around to put into production to close out the year, and essentially nobody was allowed to actually revise it so it would, you know, make sense and be coherent. Every single fault the finished product has can straightforwardly be pinned on this, and to single out “The Neutral Zone” in particular for blame seems a bit unfair to me, not only given how sketchy things are going to get next year, but also due to the altogether reasonable defense that, through such gems as “The Naked Now”, “Code of Honor”, “Angel One” and “Skin of Evil”, this team has demonstrated itself to be perfectly capable of screwing up *without* an industry-wide Writer's Guild strike to slow them down further. But also because, in spite of everything, “The Neutral Zone” really does work and contributes quite a lot to the unfolding text of Star Trek: The Next Generation.

The Romulans are, of course, a problem. After D.C. Fontana and others spent the better part (and I mean that quite emphatically in several senses) of the Original Series trying to make them a social parallel of the Federation, in some sense a people more cultured and sophisticated than us, “The Neutral Zone” basically undoes all of that in one fell swoop by making them an entire species of Dick Dastardlys. This does not, it should be noted, doom the Star Trek: The Next Generation Romulans for good: Future stories set in this continuity will make impressive strides with them and redeem this early tactical blunder by essentially depicting them as a fractured and splintered figurehead empire in decline...which actually *does* build off some themes from the Original Series, though they're back to mustache-twirling by the Dominion War. But the fact does remain they certainly don't work all that well *here*. Well, when I say that I of course mean except for the Romulan Warbird, which is predictably a breathtaking, awe-inspiring masterpiece of design and one of my favourite bits of Star Trek: The Next Generation iconography.

This is the third of Andy Probert's three starship designs for Star Trek: The Next Generation, and it's every bit as lovely and powerful as the Ferengi Marauder and the Enterprise itself. On this ship I'm struck by the contrasting vertical and horizontal elements: That forward section always brought to my mind a mesmerizingly alien stylized tower of sorts, and I love how it's mirrored by the “tail feathers” at the back. I find myself once again captivated by all the little windows that project such an awesome sense of scale onto the ship, and once again I have to speculate what it looks like on the inside. For some reason I get a very grungy, utilitarian feel from Romulan technology and design, perhaps appropriately akin to old-style Soviet engineering. If the Bird-of-Prey was like a submarine, the Warbird reminds me of Soviet nuclear icebreakers, and I can imagine that “tail feather” section comprised of dingy engine rooms and oxidized maintenance decks. So there you have the three great Probert starships: The Enterprise is a research vessel with all the accommodations of a futuristic night club, the Ferengi Marauder is a floating Manhattan high-rise and the Romulan Warbird is the NS Арктика writ large.

Perhaps unexpectedly, it's the B-plot (or C-plot I guess if you still want to count the Borg stuff) of “The Neutral Zone” that's the most interesting. With Clare, Sonny and Offenhouse, we get our first, and potentially still strongest, commentary on Star Trek: The Next Generation's relationship with the present day. This is the episode that most solidifies the show's commitment to post-scarcity themes: The 24th Century is described numerous times, and in great detail, as being a time when material wants and needs no longer exist, all debilitating diseases have been accounted for, people can literally be brought back from the dead (unless they're Tasha Yar, natch) money (and therefore capitalism) has been abandoned as youthful shortsightedness and, tacitly, every person is free to pursue their own calling without fear of oppression and reproach.We also get the first concrete date in Star Trek history: 2364, from which the entirety of canon Star Trek chronology is derived. Indeed before this, the understanding was that Star Trek: The Next Generation took place in the very early 24th Century, perhaps not as far removed from the 23rd Century of the Original Series story as we had assumed.

This is a series of bombshell revelations. The chronology stuff alone is worth an essay unto itself, but my readers are likely most interested in the post-scarcity concepts. What we get with “The Neutral Zone” is Star Trek: The Next Generation's first defining stab at its diegetic utopianism, and it's very clearly making the argument this is the sort of environment we should be striving for. Not necessarily in the grandiose politicizing sense: The show has long since divorced its ideological utopianism from its world-building, even if Gene Roddenberry hasn't, and its problematization of the Federation is only just beginning. Also interesting to note is that even though “The Neutral Zone” cribs some key plot points from “Space Seed”, it's also expressly distinct from it in a number of important respects. Namely, while the show pays lip service to the established history of the Star Trek universe circa the 1980s and 1990s here, Sonny, Clare and Offenhouse are very clearly meant to be people like us. People from the *real* 1980s and 1990s, not the pretend Star Trek one with the Eugenics Wars and all that. And though the show is skeptical of us across the board, it does provide three contrasting representative viewpoints for us.

Clare stands for uncertainty in the face of massive change and upheaval. She shuts down once she begins to process how everything she knew about her world and how it worked no longer applies, but she's helped in coming to terms with that by Deanna. Offenhouse meanwhile is deliberately a reactionary, and thinks he can force the 24th Century to conform to his Will and his belief systems. Naturally, he's a high-powered business magnate concerned with stocks and investments who uses terms like “upwardly mobile” and is obsessed by power. But he's not shown to be an out-and-out villain either, as is demonstrated in the scene on the bridge during the climax where he calls Tebok's bluff. He does have talents that are still valid, he just needs to come to understand he has to remove them from the blinkered and toxic context he's used to viewing them through. And tellingly it's Sonny, the musician, who doesn't have any sort of trouble at all adjusting to his new life. Artists are a kind of shaman for modern ages, and they're frequently the sorts of people most readily able to accept new realities and new ways of thinking. Sonny goes with the flow, as he says as much.

The biggest and most common objection to the Star Trek: The Next Generation model of post-scarcity as it manifests here is a standard Marxist emphasis on material cycles of production. If, the argument goes (and I'm simplifying considerably here), the 24th Century is a purely post-scarcity environment where material needs no longer exist, then why does anybody work? What's the point of the Enterprise boldly going out to study and make contact with new people and new ways of thought if they're not being paid? What motivates them? Why doesn't everyone just sit around on Earth like futuristic lotus-eaters lounging by the food replicators? Bemusingly, to me at least, this is essentially the same question Offenhouse levels at Captain Picard when he asks “What's the challenge?”. Picard has a ready-made response that speaks volumes about where this show is trying to place its idealism, but also about how little fans actually pay attention to their favourite show's philosophy:
“The challenge, Mister Offenhouse, is to improve yourself. To enrich yourself. Enjoy it.”
Why does the Enterprise crew do what they do? Quite simply, because they want to. Because they need to. Because they have an unquenchable thirst to travel, to explore, to learn and to grow. To become better people day after day. Wanderlust is a formative and irreducible part of their being. There may well be people content to stay put on Earth and revel in the lifestyle the 24th Century affords them (the series bible even specifies as much), but those people aren't on the Enterprise. Granted, this doesn't explain why Starfleet works according to antiquated Earth military structure, but that's the fault of Gene Roddenberry and has been a problem with Star Trek since 1964 and isn't something we can level purely at the current creative team.

A year into its journey, does Star Trek: The Next Generation have the right to play Q like this? Perhaps, perhaps not. As touching and inspiring as Captain Picard's final speech about the need to “go forward” and how there's “still so much to learn” may be, I still can't help but cast my eyes above him, sense the conspicuous absence at the tactical console and feel that Captain Picard might just be getting ahead of himself and taking things a bit too much in stride. But maybe “The Neutral Zone” is in some way an evocation of its own themes: Star Trek: The Next Generation is far from perfect, and it knows this. But it's in a better position now than it was when it began last September, and it also knows all it can do is keep striving to grow along the way.

Tuesday, October 28, 2014

“Trust no one. Question Everything.”: Conspiracy

Rightly regarded as a high-water mark for the first season, “Conspiracy” is praised and fondly remembered by a certain kind of Star Trek fan for its unexpected gore-filled climax straight out of a splatterhouse horror flick or one of the Alien movies, and by less frightening Star Trek fans for its shocking perversion of the heretofore untouchable Starfleet Command. Of course it's not really. It was, as is so often the case with this sort of thing, just aliens after all. And yet even so, “Conspiracy” does push the envelope noticeably for Star Trek: The Next Generation, even if its overall impact is arguably more muted than it perhaps could have been.

The idea of something rotten afoot in the hallowed halls of the supposedly incorruptible Starfleet Command should come as no surprise to anyone who has been following this season with any degree of care or nuance. The seed was planted arguably as early as as “Too Short a Season”, where Admiral Mark Jameson's flawless execution of Starfleet's hero archetype plunged an entire planet into a four decade long world war. Then we had this episode's direct antecedent, “Coming of Age”, where Admiral Quinn and Dexter Remmick interrogated the Enterprise crew under concerns something very big and very grave was about to happen that would “threaten the very core of Federation society”. Both of those episodes were, in one respect or another, about showing how the Enterprise was very likely the last bastion of progressive hope and idealism in an increasingly hostile and uncaring universe, and that's not even touching on the direct diegetic and extradiegetic challenges to its ethics and values the show's seen elsewhere from characters like Q, the Ferengi, the Tkon Empire, the Microbrain and even, debatably, Lwaxana Troi. If Star Trek: The Next Generation's first season has been about bringing Star Trek back for the Long 1980s, it's also been about forcing it to prove it deserves to exist in the Long 1980s.

And “Conspiracy” is the moment where this all comes to a head...or at least, it should have been. Because while it does build on these themes and neatly, satisfyingly wrap up the story arc introduced in “Coming of Age”, it doesn't exactly do so in the way writer Tracy Tormé had hoped it would. The original plan was to reveal the Conspiracy to be just that: An actual conspiracy orchestrated by Starfleet Command's higher-ups to instate martial law across known space and rule the Federation as a military junta. It would have been the deliciously perfect logical end result of Starfleet's thinly veiled militarism: It doesn't take much for someone surrounded by that kind of rhetoric and ideology to suddenly decide the world would be better off with them in charge. Couple that with the troublesome Philosopher King overtones Starfleet and the Federation have always had, and you get a recipe for a truly terrifying mixture of imperialism and grandiose self-entitlement.

Predictably, Gene Roddenberry threw a fit about this. In spite of his strides, he simply would not and could not back down from his belief that the Federation (in both small-f and Captial-F forms) was the Platonic Ideal form of government (how ironic). And this is maybe Roddenberry’s fatal flaw as both a writer and a person: His positionality granted him a reverence for both the nuts-and-bolts of military procedure and of pulp science fiction, and he was frequently too self-absorbed and arrogant to realise that simply would not gel with the utopian idealism he rightly came to respect and value in Star Trek, and would not let anyone tell him otherwise. His further conflation of Star Trek's idealism (really, the idealism of the Enterprise and her crew) with the idealism of the Federation and its world-building minutiae, a fallacy shared by the overwhelming majority of his fans, reveals the problem with science fiction and larger genre fiction writ large: Roddenberry thought the details and trappings were more important than the ideas (or perhaps it would be more accurate to say he thought they were one and the same), and that's what blinded him to how much he hamstrung and held back Star Trek in spite of his noble intentions.

So, with his original idea a total no-go, Tormé went with his next choice. Make the conspiracy the work of alien spies. In particular, make it the work of the Borg as a prelude to invasion.

Yes, the weird neural parasite bug things were actually supposed to be the foot-soldiers of the Borg. Didn't expect to see the Borg this early? You should have-The Borg were an idea the Star Trek: The Next Generation creative team had been working on since the beginning, or at the very least since the dailies for “The Last Outpost” came through and everyone realised the Ferengi might not make for the most popular of antagonists. And in hindsight it seems chillingly obvious this was meant to be the Borg: The bugs are first of all, well, bugs (OK insects. There's a difference). They “assimilate” human hosts, they seem to exist in a kind of hive mind, always speaking in terms of “we” and “us” and even have a “queen”, although that wouldn't be part of the Borg mythos until Star Trek First Contact. But more importantly, as the queen declares in full-on Evil Genius mode through the body of Dexter Remmick during the episode's climax, their intentions are merely to “seek peaceful coexistence”.

Because the Borg are, as we shall discuss far more in the future, in truth the Federation's dark mirror. Everything they claim to stand for and treasure most dearly taken to their most chillingly logical endpoint. The Borg are not merely what the Federation *could* become, they are what the Federation *will* become: An unthinking, blinkered, self-absorbed, monolithic collective of zombified capitalists bringing peace to the universe through banal economic and political neo-imperialism, just like the country it was modeled after. “We only seek peaceful coexistence!” they will implore, and they will be correct in their minds, for what, they ask, is more peaceful than voluntary subservience to a benevolent authority, such as a Philosopher King, a capitalist plutocracy or hegemonic modernity? The only price for utopia is your freedom of non-compliance and any remnants of heterogeneity in the world.

(Also note how this episode gives us Star Trek: The Next Generation's first proper Original Series-style doofy fight scene. In pushing Starfleet back to its reactionary roots and doubling down on them, the Borg-id forces Star Trek to relive the demons of its past.)

I'm not sure why the link to the Borg here was eventually dropped, though it probably had to do with the Writer's Guild strike. Considering the Star Trek: The Next Generation creative team was in turmoil as it was, this on top of it all couldn't have helped. “The Neutral Zone” was already in production, and that episode was supposed to be the start of the Borg story arc-The bases bordering the titular zone were intended to have been wiped out by them; the villains were never meant to be the Romulans. But, with Roddenberry's insistence that the plot chronicled in “Coming of Age”/”Conspiracy” come from external forces instead of internal ones, that retconed this story arc to be about the Borg too. Considering the team was light on scripts (meaning *they actually, literally had no scripts*) there was no way to scrap or rewrite “The Neutral Zone” at this late a date, so Star Trek: The Next Generation was left with a pretty egregious continuity snarl: Two flagrantly contradictory introduction stories for the Borg that came one after another. Even someone as loose and flighty about continuity as I am has to admit that's really not the sort of thing the show could have let slide.

Like “We'll Always Have Paris” before it, “Conspiracy” is an episode I really, really wish Tasha Yar had stuck around for, except even more so in this case as this is a story almost custom-tailored for her. She would have been forced to come face-to-face with corruption at the highest echelons of a world she had adopted as her own, a would she'd hoped (and was promised) would be free of such things. Indeed, it may have actually worked even better with the strangely warped version of her character Gene Roddenberry outlined in his writer's guide: A person who “worships” Starfleet and what it stands for as the antithesis of what she knew growing up. Someone like that would have been left absolutely aghast at “Conspiracy”, dreadfully, possibly irreparably, hurt by the way her adoptive community betrayed her. But perhaps even more resolute and driven now, seeing the good in people like her own friends, Captain Picard and Commander Riker, and how her real family, the Enterprise family, stood firm in the face of such a disaster quietly showing by example that they're better than all of that.

But who am I kidding. Knowing this team, Tasha would have taken Geordi's place when Riker called for security in the guest quarters, gotten tossed through the automatic doors by Worm!Quinn and then promptly done fuck all else for the rest of the episode. Maybe not even that, because it's unseemly to have women fighting or doing action stunts on this show, you see.

Speaking of, “Conspiracy” does have a few weird structural annoyances: I don't like how the entire plot centres around Picard, Riker and Data, especially considering Beverly has a personal stake in the proceedings too (though she *does* get two scenes of unqualified awesomeness when she phaser-fries Worm!Quinn and orchestrates Riker's double agent trick-That horror movie false jump-scare with her and Will is really clever). And I *really* don't like how Picard tells us through his log entries that he's informed the bridge crew about the conspiracy. Nowadays we'd expect to see that acted out as part of a senior staff briefing scene in the observation lounge. Why on Earth would you shunt that to the commercial break negative space? That's a perfect opportunity to reinforce the themes about where you make your family by showing us the trust and respect Captain Picard has in his crew. Not doing that does sort of the opposite, not to mention giving the impression the show doesn't respect the audience either.

There is one more thing. My episode guide that keeps track of such matters informs me the topographical map of Dytallix B Data and Commander Riker look at in this episode is a very crude line drawing of Kei and Yuri. I personally can't really make it out, though if you squint at a freeze-frame on your Blu-ray long enough you can kinda, sorta see the girls (Kei would be on the left and upside down, if you imagine her as being drawn in a surreal, Koji Morimoto-esque fashion and Yuri would be I guess in profile on the right?), and I wouldn't be at all surprised if they really are there. It may not be the best invocation of Dirty Pair in Star Trek: The Next Generation (there are a few proper doozies coming up), but their spectral presence here is still meaningful.

The Lovely Angels come back to the Enterprise at the moment when not only are the show's own ethics on shaky ground, but its continued existence, in effect its future, are in serious doubt. Remember, Gene Roddenberry is a constant mixed blessing, “Skin of Evil” wasn't too long ago and the Writer's Guild strike is a fact of life for the time being. Even though the show had become a ratings and popular success by the end of the year and there was no longer the lingering concern Star Trek: The Next Generation wouldn't see out 1988 (which was a very real potentiality when it began), there was still the question of what *kind* of show this would end up as, and if it would ever be able to struggle out from under its own weight to say something positive, constructive and relevant. So Kei and Yuri appear, manifesting as the point of congress where Star Trek: The Next Generation becomes forced to re-examine itself and what it really stands for, and set it on a path to finally break traumatically, yet necessarily, from its troubled roots.